Sequencing of the N-terminus enabled the in silico identification of the whole primary structure consisting of 345 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 37.4 KDa. Herein we have purified a secreted component of an isolate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, with electrophoretic mobilities corresponding to 36 kDa, belonging to the serine proteases family. During the years new sources of proteolytic enzymes have been studied including proteases from different marine organisms both eukaryotic and prokaryotic. Proteases play an important role in the field of tissue dissociation combined with regenera-tive medicine. Reports of the importance of cleaner organisms in maintaining a healthy reef ecosystem has also been increasing and we review the current biological knowledge on cleaner-organisms, highlighting areas that are understudied. Interest in cleaning organisms as biological controls in aquaculture is increasing due to their value as an alternative to various chemical ectoparasite controls. Caution is expressed in the use of grey literature and anecdotal observations to generate data on cleaning interactions, due to the presence of species complexes. Indeed, this term has been used incorrectly for the shrimp Infraorder Stenopodidea, involving three families, Stenopodidae, Palaemonidae, and Hippolytidae, and to represent all members of Lysmata and Stenopus. Plasticity exists in the use of “cleaner shrimp” in the current literature, with the potential to cause significant confusion. The engagement of shrimp in cleaning activities has been considered contentious because there is little empirical evidence. Marine cleaner fishes have dominated the cleaning symbiosis literature, with comparatively little focus given to shrimp. Moreover, we propose the term “dedicated” to replace “obligate” to describe a committed cleaning lifestyle. Cleaning symbiosis as originally defined, is amended to highlight communication between client and cleaner as the catalyst for cooperation, and to separate cleaning symbiosis from incidental cleaning, which is a separate mutualism preceded by no communication. We estimate global cleaner diversity comprises 208 fish species from 106 genera representing 36 families and 51 shrimp species from 11 genera representing 6 families. Cleaning symbiosis has been documented extensively in the marine environment over the past 50 years.
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